Data Communication & Networking

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  1. Which layer of the OSI Model is responsible for end-to-end delivery?
    A. Network
    B. Transport
    C. Data Link
    D. Session
    Answer: B
  2. Which protocol is used for reliable data transfer in the transport layer?
    A. UDP
    B. IP
    C. TCP
    D. ARP
    Answer: C
  3. What is the primary function of a router?
    A. Signal amplification
    B. Frame forwarding
    C. Packet forwarding
    D. Error detection
    Answer: C
  4. Which device operates at the Data Link layer?
    A. Router
    B. Hub
    C. Switch
    D. Repeater
    Answer: C
  5. Which addressing scheme is used by IPv6?
    A. 32-bit
    B. 64-bit
    C. 128-bit
    D. 256-bit
    Answer: C
  6. What does DNS primarily resolve?
    A. MAC to IP
    B. IP to MAC
    C. Domain to IP
    D. IP to Domain
    Answer: C
  7. Which protocol is connectionless?
    A. TCP
    B. FTP
    C. UDP
    D. HTTP
    Answer: C
  8. What is the default port for HTTP?
    A. 21
    B. 25
    C. 80
    D. 110
    Answer: C
  9. Which topology has a central controlling node?
    A. Bus
    B. Ring
    C. Star
    D. Mesh
    Answer: C
  10. Which multiplexing technique uses time slots?
    A. FDM
    B. TDM
    C. CDM
    D. WDM
    Answer: B
  11. What is the maximum data rate of Fast Ethernet?
    A. 10 Mbps
    B. 100 Mbps
    C. 1 Gbps
    D. 10 Gbps
    Answer: B
  12. Which layer handles encryption?
    A. Transport
    B. Presentation
    C. Network
    D. Session
    Answer: B
  13. Which protocol resolves IP to MAC address?
    A. DNS
    B. DHCP
    C. ARP
    D. ICMP
    Answer: C
  14. What is the size of MAC address?
    A. 32-bit
    B. 48-bit
    C. 64-bit
    D. 128-bit
    Answer: B
  15. Which device regenerates signals?
    A. Switch
    B. Router
    C. Repeater
    D. Bridge
    Answer: C
  16. Which protocol is used for email sending?
    A. POP3
    B. IMAP
    C. SMTP
    D. FTP
    Answer: C
  17. Which algorithm is used in routing?
    A. Dijkstra
    B. Huffman
    C. RSA
    D. AES
    Answer: A
  18. What is latency?
    A. Data size
    B. Delay in transmission
    C. Error rate
    D. Bandwidth
    Answer: B
  19. Which layer provides logical addressing?
    A. Transport
    B. Network
    C. Data Link
    D. Physical
    Answer: B
  20. What is subnetting used for?
    A. Increase bandwidth
    B. Divide networks
    C. Improve routing speed
    D. Reduce delay
    Answer: B
  21. Which protocol is used to assign IP dynamically?
    A. DNS
    B. DHCP
    C. ARP
    D. FTP
    Answer: B
  22. Which topology is most fault-tolerant?
    A. Bus
    B. Star
    C. Mesh
    D. Ring
    Answer: C
  23. What is throughput?
    A. Total delay
    B. Data transmitted per unit time
    C. Signal strength
    D. Packet loss
    Answer: B
  24. Which layer detects errors?
    A. Physical
    B. Network
    C. Data Link
    D. Application
    Answer: C
  25. Which protocol is used for remote login?
    A. HTTP
    B. Telnet
    C. FTP
    D. SNMP
    Answer: B
  26. What is the full form of LAN?
    A. Local Area Network
    B. Large Area Network
    C. Logical Area Network
    D. Limited Area Network
    Answer: A
  27. Which protocol uses port 443?
    A. HTTP
    B. HTTPS
    C. FTP
    D. SMTP
    Answer: B
  28. Which technique reduces collisions?
    A. CSMA/CD
    B. TDM
    C. FDM
    D. ARQ
    Answer: A
  29. Which layer handles flow control?
    A. Data Link
    B. Network
    C. Transport
    D. Physical
    Answer: C
  30. What is bandwidth?
    A. Delay
    B. Capacity of channel
    C. Error rate
    D. Latency
    Answer: B
  31. Which protocol is used for file transfer?
    A. FTP
    B. SMTP
    C. DNS
    D. SNMP
    Answer: A
  32. What is packet switching?
    A. Dedicated path
    B. Data broken into packets
    C. Analog transmission
    D. Frequency division
    Answer: B
  33. Which layer establishes sessions?
    A. Transport
    B. Session
    C. Application
    D. Network
    Answer: B
  34. Which device connects different networks?
    A. Switch
    B. Router
    C. Hub
    D. Bridge
    Answer: B
  35. What is jitter?
    A. Packet loss
    B. Variation in delay
    C. Bandwidth
    D. Error rate
    Answer: B
  36. Which protocol checks connectivity?
    A. ICMP
    B. FTP
    C. HTTP
    D. ARP
    Answer: A
  37. Which addressing is physical?
    A. IP
    B. MAC
    C. URL
    D. Port
    Answer: B
  38. Which network covers a city?
    A. LAN
    B. WAN
    C. MAN
    D. PAN
    Answer: C
  39. What is full duplex?
    A. One-way
    B. Two-way simultaneous
    C. Two-way alternate
    D. Half speed
    Answer: B
  40. Which device filters traffic by MAC?
    A. Router
    B. Switch
    C. Hub
    D. Repeater
    Answer: B
  41. Which protocol ensures error correction?
    A. UDP
    B. TCP
    C. IP
    D. ARP
    Answer: B
  42. Which layer is closest to user?
    A. Physical
    B. Application
    C. Data Link
    D. Network
    Answer: B
  43. What is encapsulation?
    A. Data encryption
    B. Wrapping data with headers
    C. Data compression
    D. Error detection
    Answer: B
  44. Which protocol uses 3-way handshake?
    A. UDP
    B. TCP
    C. FTP
    D. DNS
    Answer: B
  45. What is collision domain?
    A. Broadcast area
    B. Network segment
    C. Area where collisions occur
    D. Routing path
    Answer: C
  46. Which protocol is stateless?
    A. TCP
    B. HTTP
    C. FTP
    D. SMTP
    Answer: B
  47. Which layer converts bits to signals?
    A. Data Link
    B. Network
    C. Physical
    D. Transport
    Answer: C
  48. What is NAT used for?
    A. Encryption
    B. IP translation
    C. Routing
    D. Switching
    Answer: B
  49. Which protocol monitors network devices?
    A. SNMP
    B. FTP
    C. HTTP
    D. SMTP
    Answer: A
  50. What is firewall used for?
    A. Data transfer
    B. Security
    C. Routing
    D. Switching
    Answer: B
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