1. Which of the following is a prokaryotic microorganism?
A) Amoeba
B) Bacteria
C) Fungi
D) Algae
Answer: B) Bacteria
2. Yeast is commonly used in the production of:
A) Antibiotics
B) Bread and alcohol
C) Vinegar
D) Cheese
Answer: B) Bread and alcohol
3. The microorganism responsible for tuberculosis is:
A) Streptococcus
B) Escherichia coli
C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D) Clostridium botulinum
Answer: C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
4. Which microorganism can survive in extreme conditions like hot springs?
A) Viruses
B) Archaea
C) Bacteria
D) Protozoa
Answer: B) Archaea
5. Antibiotics are primarily produced by:
A) Bacteria and Fungi
B) Viruses
C) Algae
D) Protozoa
Answer: A) Bacteria and Fungi
6. Which microorganism is used in the production of antibiotics like penicillin?
A) Saccharomyces
B) Penicillium
C) Lactobacillus
D) Clostridium
Answer: B) Penicillium
7. Which microorganism is known for nitrogen fixation in soil?
A) Rhizobium
B) Bacillus
C) Staphylococcus
D) Salmonella
Answer: A) Rhizobium
8. Algae are important microorganisms because they:
A) Cause diseases
B) Produce oxygen through photosynthesis
C) Decompose waste
D) Fix nitrogen
Answer: B) Produce oxygen through photosynthesis
9. Which virus causes influenza in humans?
A) HIV
B) Influenza virus
C) Poliovirus
D) Rabies virus
Answer: B) Influenza virus
10. Protozoa are classified based on their:
A) Mode of nutrition
B) Mode of locomotion
C) Cell wall composition
D) Spore formation
Answer: B) Mode of locomotion
11. Which microorganism is used in making curd from milk?
A) Streptococcus
B) Lactobacillus
C) Bacillus subtilis
D) Penicillium
Answer: B) Lactobacillus
12. Bacteriophages are viruses that infect:
A) Animals
B) Plants
C) Bacteria
D) Fungi
Answer: C) Bacteria
13. Which microorganism is responsible for malaria?
A) Plasmodium
B) Trypanosoma
C) Giardia
D) Amoeba
Answer: A) Plasmodium
14. Which microorganism is used in the production of citric acid?
A) Aspergillus niger
B) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
C) Lactobacillus
D) Clostridium
Answer: A) Aspergillus niger
15. The main component of bacterial cell wall is:
A) Cellulose
B) Peptidoglycan
C) Chitin
D) Glycogen
Answer: B) Peptidoglycan
16. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of viruses?
A) They are acellular
B) They can reproduce independently
C) They have either DNA or RNA
D) They can infect host cells
Answer: B) They can reproduce independently
17. Blue-green algae are also called:
A) Cyanobacteria
B) Mycobacteria
C) Eubacteria
D) Diatoms
Answer: A) Cyanobacteria
18. Microorganisms that can live without oxygen are called:
A) Aerobic
B) Anaerobic
C) Facultative
D) Obligate aerobes
Answer: B) Anaerobic
19. Which microorganism is used in biogas production?
A) Methanogens
B) Rhizobium
C) Penicillium
D) Lactobacillus
Answer: A) Methanogens
20. Which disease is caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani?
A) Tetanus
B) Cholera
C) Typhoid
D) Tuberculosis
Answer: A) Tetanus
21. Amoeba moves and feeds using:
A) Cilia
B) Flagella
C) Pseudopodia
D) Fimbriae
Answer: C) Pseudopodia
22. Which of the following microorganisms is used in vinegar production?
A) Acetobacter
B) Saccharomyces
C) Lactobacillus
D) Clostridium
Answer: A) Acetobacter
23. The first antibiotic discovered was:
A) Streptomycin
B) Penicillin
C) Tetracycline
D) Ampicillin
Answer: B) Penicillin
24. Microorganisms that can live both in presence and absence of oxygen are called:
A) Aerobes
B) Anaerobes
C) Facultative anaerobes
D) Obligate anaerobes
Answer: C) Facultative anaerobes
25. Which virus causes AIDS in humans?
A) Influenza virus
B) HIV
C) Hepatitis B virus
D) Poliovirus
Answer: B) HIV
26. Fungi that grow on bread are:
A) Rhizopus
B) Aspergillus
C) Penicillium
D) Saccharomyces
Answer: A) Rhizopus
27. Which microorganism is responsible for causing cholera?
A) Salmonella
B) Vibrio cholerae
C) Escherichia coli
D) Bacillus anthracis
Answer: B) Vibrio cholerae
28. Which microorganism is used to produce antibiotics like streptomycin?
A) Streptomyces
B) Penicillium
C) Lactobacillus
D) Clostridium
Answer: A) Streptomyces
29. Microorganisms that decompose dead organic matter are called:
A) Pathogens
B) Decomposers
C) Nitrogen-fixers
D) Producers
Answer: B) Decomposers
30. Which microorganism is used in the production of soy sauce?
A) Aspergillus oryzae
B) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
C) Lactobacillus
D) Penicillium
Answer: A) Aspergillus oryzae