Cell Structure MCQs


1. Who is known as the father of cell biology?
A) Charles Darwin
B) Robert Hooke
C) Gregor Mendel
D) Louis Pasteur
Answer: B) Robert Hooke

2. The basic structural and functional unit of life is:
A) Tissue
B) Organ
C) Cell
D) Organ system
Answer: C) Cell

3. Which instrument is used to study cells?
A) Telescope
B) Microscope
C) Periscope
D) Stethoscope
Answer: B) Microscope

4. The jelly-like substance inside the cell is called:
A) Nucleus
B) Cytoplasm
C) Ribosome
D) Vacuole
Answer: B) Cytoplasm

5. The control center of the cell is:
A) Mitochondria
B) Ribosome
C) Nucleus
D) Golgi body
Answer: C) Nucleus

6. The powerhouse of the cell is:
A) Lysosome
B) Chloroplast
C) Mitochondria
D) Ribosome
Answer: C) Mitochondria

7. Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?
A) Mitochondria
B) Chloroplast
C) Nucleus
D) Vacuole
Answer: B) Chloroplast

8. The outer boundary of an animal cell is:
A) Cell wall
B) Cell membrane
C) Cytoplasm
D) Nucleolus
Answer: B) Cell membrane

9. Cell wall is present in:
A) Animal cells only
B) Plant cells only
C) Both plant and animal cells
D) Bacterial cells only
Answer: B) Plant cells only

10. Ribosomes are responsible for:
A) Respiration
B) Digestion
C) Protein synthesis
D) Photosynthesis
Answer: C) Protein synthesis

11. Which organelle contains digestive enzymes?
A) Lysosome
B) Nucleus
C) Vacuole
D) Chloroplast
Answer: A) Lysosome

12. The fluid inside the nucleus is called:
A) Cytoplasm
B) Nucleoplasm
C) Protoplasm
D) Cell sap
Answer: B) Nucleoplasm

13. Endoplasmic reticulum helps in:
A) Cell division
B) Transport of materials
C) Photosynthesis
D) Digestion
Answer: B) Transport of materials

14. The Golgi apparatus mainly functions in:
A) Energy production
B) Packaging and secretion
C) Respiration
D) Movement
Answer: B) Packaging and secretion

15. The large central vacuole is commonly found in:
A) Animal cells
B) Plant cells
C) Bacterial cells
D) Fungal cells
Answer: B) Plant cells

16. Prokaryotic cells lack:
A) Cytoplasm
B) Ribosomes
C) True nucleus
D) Cell membrane
Answer: C) True nucleus

17. DNA in eukaryotic cells is located in the:
A) Cytoplasm
B) Ribosome
C) Nucleus
D) Lysosome
Answer: C) Nucleus

18. Which structure controls movement of substances in and out of the cell?
A) Cell membrane
B) Cell wall
C) Nucleolus
D) Vacuole
Answer: A) Cell membrane

19. Centrosome is mainly present in:
A) Plant cells
B) Animal cells
C) Bacterial cells
D) Fungal cells
Answer: B) Animal cells

20. The site of cellular respiration is:
A) Ribosome
B) Mitochondria
C) Nucleus
D) Golgi body
Answer: B) Mitochondria

21. Chromosomes are found in the:
A) Cytoplasm
B) Nucleus
C) Vacuole
D) Mitochondria
Answer: B) Nucleus

22. Which cell organelle is absent in bacteria?
A) Ribosome
B) Cell membrane
C) Nucleus
D) Cytoplasm
Answer: C) Nucleus

23. The selectively permeable structure of the cell is:
A) Cell wall
B) Cell membrane
C) Cytoplasm
D) Nucleolus
Answer: B) Cell membrane

24. Plastids are found in:
A) Animal cells
B) Plant cells
C) Human cells
D) Bacterial cells
Answer: B) Plant cells

25. Which plastid gives green color to plants?
A) Chromoplast
B) Leucoplast
C) Chloroplast
D) Amyloplast
Answer: C) Chloroplast

26. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum helps in:
A) Protein synthesis
B) Lipid synthesis
C) Photosynthesis
D) Digestion
Answer: B) Lipid synthesis

27. Rough endoplasmic reticulum has:
A) Vacuoles
B) Ribosomes
C) Lysosomes
D) Chromosomes
Answer: B) Ribosomes

28. The nucleolus is responsible for:
A) Ribosome formation
B) Energy production
C) Cell movement
D) Digestion
Answer: A) Ribosome formation

29. The rigid outer covering of plant cells is made of:
A) Protein
B) Lipid
C) Cellulose
D) Starch
Answer: C) Cellulose

30. The term “protoplasm” refers to:
A) Cell wall only
B) Nucleus only
C) Cytoplasm + Nucleus
D) Ribosomes only
Answer: C) Cytoplasm + Nucleus

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