Bryophytes & Pteridophytes

1. Bryophytes are characterized by:
A) Vascular tissue
B) Absence of vascular tissue ✅
C) Seed production
D) Secondary growth
The dominant stage in bryophytes is:
A) Sporophyte
B) Gametophyte ✅
C) Zygote
D) Embryo
Which of the following is a moss?
A) Marchantia
B) Funaria ✅
C) Equisetum
D) Selaginella
Protonema in moss is:
A) Sporophyte
B) Gametophyte ✅
C) Embryo
D) Spore
Archegonia in bryophytes produce:
A) Spores
B) Eggs ✅
C) Sperm
D) Gemmae
Antheridia in bryophytes produce:
A) Spores
B) Eggs
C) Sperm ✅
D) Gametes
Which of the following is a liverwort?
A) Funaria
B) Marchantia ✅
C) Riccia
D) Polytrichum
Bryophytes are mostly:
A) Aquatic
B) Terrestrial ✅
C) Parasitic
D) Epiphytic
The water-conducting cells of bryophytes are called:
A) Tracheids
B) Hydroids ✅
C) Sieve tubes
D) Collenchyma
The nutrient-conducting cells of bryophytes are called:
A) Hydroids
B) Leptoids ✅
C) Xylem
D) Phloem
Gemma cups are found in:
A) Moss
B) Liverworts ✅
C) Ferns
D) Lycopods
Sphagnum is important because it:
A) Is used as fuel
B) Forms peat ✅
C) Produces seeds
D) Has true roots
In bryophytes, sporophytes are:
A) Photosynthetic
B) Independent
C) Dependent on gametophyte ✅
D) Multicellular gametes
Rhizoids in bryophytes:
A) Absorb water and nutrients ✅
B) Provide support only
C) Are true roots
D) Conduct photosynthesis
Bryophytes are considered the link between:
A) Algae and pteridophytes ✅
B) Mosses and ferns
C) Gymnosperms and angiosperms
D) Algae and fungi
The first land plants are believed to be:
A) Pteridophytes
B) Bryophytes ✅
C) Gymnosperms
D) Angiosperms
Sporophyte of moss consists of:
A) Foot, seta, capsule ✅
B) Rhizoid, thallus, seta
C) Capsule only
D) Gametophore
Elaters are found in:
A) Funaria
B) Marchantia ✅
C) Selaginella
D) Pteris
Pteridophytes are also called:
A) Seedless vascular plants ✅
B) Non-vascular plants
C) Flowering plants
D) Gymnosperms
Dominant stage in pteridophytes is:
A) Gametophyte
B) Sporophyte ✅
C) Protonema
D) Spore
Pteridophytes have:
A) True roots, stems, leaves ✅
B) No vascular tissue
C) No roots
D) Seeds
Spores in pteridophytes are:
A) Heterospores or homospores ✅
B) Only homospores
C) Only heterospores
D) Seeds
Lycopodium is:
A) A moss
B) A liverwort
C) A pteridophyte ✅
D) A gymnosperm
Selaginella is heterosporous because:
A) It produces one type of spore
B) It produces two types of spores ✅
C) It has no spores
D) It produces seeds
Sorus is:
A) Cluster of spores on fern fronds ✅
B) Male organ of moss
C) Female organ of liverwort
D) Sporangium of Lycopodium
The protective layer of sporangium in pteridophytes is called:
A) Annulus ✅
B) Peristome
C) Capsule
D) Sporophyll
Annulus in fern sporangium helps in:
A) Photosynthesis
B) Spore dispersal ✅
C) Fertilization
D) Nutrient absorption
Rhizome in pteridophytes functions as:
A) Root
B) Stem ✅
C) Leaf
D) Reproductive organ
Psilotum lacks:
A) Roots ✅
B) Leaves
C) Stem
D) Sporangia
Equisetum is called “scouring rush” because:
A) Its leaves are rough
B) Its stem contains silica ✅
C) Its roots are abrasive
D) Its spores are sharp
Pteridophytes reproduce by:
A) Seeds
B) Spores ✅
C) Flowers
D) Bulbs
Homosporous plants produce:
A) Only microspores
B) Only megaspores
C) One type of spore ✅
D) Two types of spores
Heterosporous plants produce:
A) Only one type of spore
B) Two types of spores ✅
C) Gametes directly
D) Seeds
Fern gametophyte is called:
A) Protonema
B) Thallus
C) Prothallus ✅
D) Sporophyte
Rhizoids in fern gametophyte:
A) Absorb water ✅
B) Are vascular
C) Form spores
D) Photosynthesize
Strobilus is found in:
A) Funaria
B) Selaginella ✅
C) Fern
D) Liverwort
Pteridophytes are important for:
A) Soil formation
B) Fossil fuel formation
C) Study of plant evolution ✅
D) None
Lycopodium spores are used in:
A) Medicine
B) Photography
C) Fireworks and flash powders ✅
D) Fertilizer
The water-conducting cells in pteridophytes are:
A) Hydroids
B) Tracheids ✅
C) Sieve tubes
D) Collenchyma
The phloem in pteridophytes is:
A) Sieve tubes and companion cells ✅
B) Only tracheids
C) Only sieve plates
D) Hydroids
The cuticle in pteridophytes:
A) Prevents water loss ✅
B) Conducts water
C) Helps in spore dispersal
D) Is absent
Fertilization in bryophytes requires:
A) Dry conditions
B) Water ✅
C) Soil nutrients
D) Sunlight
Ferns are mostly:
A) Aquatic
B) Terrestrial ✅
C) Epiphytic only
D) Parasitic
The main function of spores is:
A) Photosynthesis
B) Asexual reproduction ✅
C) Sexual reproduction
D) Nutrient absorption
Haploid stage in pteridophytes is:
A) Sporophyte
B) Gametophyte ✅
C) Zygote
D) Embryo
Diploid stage in pteridophytes is:
A) Gametophyte
B) Sporophyte ✅
C) Protonema
D) Spore
In bryophytes, meiosis occurs in:
A) Gametophyte
B) Sporophyte ✅
C) Rhizoids
D) Protonema
Rhizome in fern:
A) Photosynthetic leaf
B) Underground stem ✅
C) Root
D) Spore-producing organ
Lycopodium reproduces by:
A) Seeds
B) Spores ✅
C) Vegetative buds
D) Flowers
50. Ferns are classified under:
A) Bryophyta
B) Pteridophyta ✅
C) Gymnosperms
D) Angiosperms